| OprD purine serve as a specific entry channel for drugs such as carbapenems in the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Probiotics can play a role in inhibiting carbapenems resistance through efflux pumps by regulating the expression of OprD. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus casei on the expression of the oprD gene in clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa. Bacteria were isolated and identified biochemically from clinical samples in Isfahan, and the carbapenem-resistant pattern was studied. The effect of L. casei and its cell-free culture supernatant (CFS) in De Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) culture medium was investigated on oprD gene expression in the strains (one-way analysis of variance). A total of 37 P. aeruginosa strains were isolated, of which 54% were obtained from female patients and 46% from male patients. The highest number of strains (29.8%) was isolated from the age group of 21 to 30 years, and the lowest number (5.4%) was isolated from the age group of 51 to 60 years. The majority of strains were isolated from wounds (32.4%), and the lowest number was isolated from blood (19%). All strains produced biofilms, of which 10 (27%), 12 (32.4%), and 12 strains (32.4%) formed weak, moderate, and strong biofilms, respectively. The highest resistance was to the antibiotic imipenem (43.2%). All strains carrying the oprD gene exhibited resistance to the antimicrobial effects of the probiotic L. casei and its supernatant. However, the expression of the oprD gene was 67% and 36% of control after treatment with the probiotic and its CSF, respectively. Given the key role of the OprD porin in antibiotic-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa, inhibition of OprD production by L. casei and its supernatant is of particular preventive and therapeutic importance by controlling resistance to antibiotics in these strains. |
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